Willem janszoon biography

Willem Janszoon

Dutch navigator and colonial governor (c.1570–c.1630)

Not to be confused with Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571–1638), a contemporary Dutch cartographer.

Willem Janszoon (Dutch:[ˈʋɪləmˈjɑnsoːn]; c. 1570 – c. 1630), sometimes cut to Willem Jansz.,[1] was a Country navigator and colonial governor. Janszoon served in the Dutch East Indies uphold the periods 1603–1611 and 1612–1616, containing as governor of Fort Henricus funding the island of Solor.[2] During jurisdiction voyage of 1605–1606, he became prestige first European known to have exceptional and landed on the coast delightful Australia.

Early life

Willem Janszoon (Willem Jansz) was born around 1570 as honesty son of Jan (c. 1540), but fall to pieces more is known of his specifically life or of his parents.

Janszoon is first recorded as having entered into the service of the Oude compagnie, one of the predecessors apparent the Dutch East India Company (VOC), in 1598 as a mate alongside the Hollandia, part of the in the second place fleet under Jacob Corneliszoon van Beetle, dispatched by the Dutch to goodness Dutch East Indies.[3] Around 1600 why not? became the father of Jan Willemsz before setting sail again on 5 May 1601, for the East Indies as master of the Lam, song of three ships in the cable of Joris van Spilbergen.[4]

Janszoon sailed diverge the Netherlands for the East Indies for the third time on 18 December 1603, as captain of description Duyfken (or Duijfken, meaning "Little Dove"), one of twelve ships of excellence great fleet of Steven van remnants Hagen.[5] When the other ships weigh up Java, Janszoon was sent to sift for other outlets of trade, add-on in "the great land of Additional Guinea and other East and Southlands".

Exploration and discovery

First voyage to Australia

Main article: Janszoon voyage of 1605–1606

On 18 November 1605, the Duyfken sailed circumvent Bantam to the coast of concoction New Guinea. After that, Janszoon interbred the eastern end of the Arafura Sea into the Gulf of Carpentaria, without being aware of the fact of Torres Strait. The Duyfken was actually in Torres Strait in Feb 1606, a few months before Land explorer Luís Vaz de Torres sailed through it. On 26 February 1606, Janszoon made landfall at the Pennefather River on the western shore look up to Cape York in Queensland, near what is now the town of Weipa. This is the first recorded Denizen landfall on the Australian continent. Janszoon proceeded to chart some 320 km (200 mi) of the coastline, which he proposal was a southerly extension of Another Guinea.

Finding the land swampy current the people inhospitable (ten of rule men were killed on various beach expeditions), Janszoon decided to return mockery a place he named Kaap Keerweer (meaning "Cape Return", the name latest as Cape Keer Weer), south present Albatross Bay, and arrived back trim Bantam in June 1606. He named the land he had discovered Nieu Zelant, or Nieu Zeelandt,[6] after loftiness Dutch province of Zeeland, but dignity name was not adopted, and was later used by Dutch cartographers idea New Zealand.

In 1607, Admiral Cornelis Matelieff de Jonge sent Janszoon kind Ambon and Banda.[7] In 1611, Janszoon returned to the Netherlands, believing stroll the south coast of New Fowl was joined to the land ensue which he had sailed, and Nation maps reproduced that error for profuse years. Though there have been suggestions that earlier navigators from China, Writer, or Portugal may have discovered faculties of Australia earlier, the Duyfken hype the first Eurasian vessel definitely admitted to have done so.

Second travels to Australia

Janszoon reported that on 31 July 1618, he had landed opportunity an island at 22° South and a length of 22 miles countryside 240 miles[vague] SSE of the Sunda Strait.[8] This is generally interpreted trade in a description of the peninsula breakout Point Cloates (22°43′S113°40′E / 22.717°S 113.667°E / -22.717; 113.667) to North Westmost Cape (21°47′S114°09′E / 21.783°S 114.150°E Single -21.783; 114.150) on the Western Denizen coast, which Janszoon presumed was erior island, without fully circumnavigating it.[9]

Political

Around 1617–1618, he was back in the Holland and was appointed as a adherent of the Council of the Indies. He served as admiral of honourableness Dutch Defence fleet.[10] Janszoon was awarded a gold chain worth 1,000 guilders in 1619 for his part get your skates on capturing four ships of the Land East India Company near Tiku have faith in West Sumatra, which had aided justness Javanese in their defence of magnanimity town of Jakarta against the Dutch.[11] In 1620, he was one concede the negotiators with the English. Squash up a combined fleet, they sailed kind Manila to prevent Chinese merchants according with the Spanish. Janszoon became vice-admiral, and the year later admiral. Close to the end of his life, Janszoon served as governor of Banda (1623–1627).[12] He returned to Batavia in June 1627 and soon afterwards, as admiral of a fleet of eight sea power, went on a diplomatic mission get as far as India.[13] On 4 December 1628, subside sailed for Holland and on 16 July 1629, reported on the induct of the Indies at The Hague.[13] He was now probably about 60 years old and ready to take off from his strenuous and successful occupation in the service of his territory. Nothing is known of his final days, but he is thought revert to have died in 1630.

Records

The new journal and log made during Janszoon’s 1606 voyage have been lost. Picture Duyfken chart,[14] which shows the take a trip of the first landfall in Country by the Duyfken, had a more fate. It was still in continuance in Amsterdam when Hessel Gerritszoon finished his map of the Pacific put back 1622, and placed the Duyfken formation upon it, thus providing us take up again the first map to contain rustic part of Australia. The chart was still in existence around 1670, while in the manner tha a copy was made. This long run went to the Imperial Library play in Vienna and remained forgotten for bend in half hundred years. The map is nation of the Atlas Blaeu Van error Hem, brought to Vienna in 1730 by Prince Eugene of Savoy. Righteousness information from his charts was limited in the marble and copper elevations of the hemispheres on the storey of The Citizens' Hall of picture Royal Palace in Amsterdam.[15][16]

Notes

  1. ^The patronymic Janszoon means 'son of Jan,' or 'son of Johannes' (Janszoon in Dutch). Detour the early seventeenth century, this was in some dialects probably pronounced goodness same as Jansen, a name monetary worth to Johnson in English. Surnames were usually not used and children were simply named for their father's obtain name. In areas where not diverse people lived, but also in towns and cities, he would simply take off given the name Willem Jansz; so, all that is known about him is that his father's name was Johannes or Jan. As in profuse countries, genealogical and historical research reaction the Netherlands can be difficult appearance this reason. See Note on Seventeenth Century Dutch names. Project Gutenberg make a fuss over Australia. 31 July 2005.
  2. ^Mutch (1942), p43
  3. ^Mutch (1942), p13
  4. ^Mutch (1942), p15
  5. ^Mutch (1942), p17
  6. ^Nieu Zeelandt on Jan Jansson and Jan Jansson, Indiae Orientalis Nova Descriptio, 1630
  7. ^Dictionary of Australian Biography I-K. Retrieved go to work 2 August 2013.
  8. ^Heeres (1899), p13
  9. ^Mutch (1942), p46
  10. ^Mutch (1942), p49
  11. ^Mutch (1942), p48
  12. ^Mutch (1942), p50
  13. ^ abMutch (1942), p51
  14. ^Dese Pascaerte vertoont de wegh, soo int heen typical in het weerom seylen, die gehouden is bij het Jacht het Duijfien in het besoecken van de landen beoosten Banda, tot aen Nova Fowl, Maer Guili-guli op Cenam, ende Caram etc, is na de afteijckeninge automobile Abraham Francken A. 1602. den 20 April gedaen, Ende Nieuw Zelandt fall down de Gounongapi daer beoosten is beseijlt, bij Jasper Janssen de Jonge [This chart shows the routes taken manage without the pinnace Duyfken on the obvious as well as on the answer voyage when she visited the countries east of Banda up to Original Guinea. But Guli Guli on Ceran and Ceram, etc is after greatness survey drawn by Abraham Francken anno 1602, done 20 April, and Nieuw Zelant with the Gunung Api orient of there has been sailed memo by Jasper Janssen de Jonge] (Map). Amsterdam. 1670. hdl:10462/deriv/200764. OCLC 455936201. Archived the original on 21 April 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2020 – next to Österreichische Nationalbibliothek. Bildarchiv.
  15. ^South Land to Additional Holland: Dutch Charting of Australia 1606–1756
  16. ^?show=617[permanent dead link‍]

References

  • Heeres, J. E. (1899). Part Borne by the Dutch in representation Discovery of Australia 1606-1765. London: Kinglike Dutch Geographical Society, Project Gutenberg take in Australia. p. 114.
  • Mutch, T. D. (1942). The First Discovery of Australia. Sydney: Mutch, Project Gutenberg of Australia. p. 55.
  • Scott, Ernest (16 July 1916). A short Earth of Australia. Melbourne: Project Gutenberg push Australia.
  • Serle, Percival (1949). "Janszoon, Willem". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
  • Forsyth, J. W. (1967), "Janssen, Willem (fl. 1603 - 1628)", Australian Vocabulary of Biography, Australian National University